Steel - structured buildings are fully constructed using steel. They primarily consist of components like steel beams, columns, and trusses, which are fabricated from section steel and steel plates. These components are joined together through welding, bolting, and riveting. In comparison with traditional buildings, they are characterized by their light weight and simple structure, and thus are extensively applied in numerous fields.Features and Applications of Different Types of Steel Building Structures
Portal Frame Structure
Features: The load - bearing mechanism is straightforward, the load - transmission path is clear, and the construction process is rapid.
Applications: It is widely utilized in both industrial and civil construction projects. Examples include industrial factories, commercial facilities, and cultural and entertainment public venues. For example, some small - to - medium - sized factories and community activity centers often employ the portal frame structure.
Frame Structure
Features: It offers flexibility and can create relatively large interior spaces.
Applications: It is well - suited for multi - story and high - rise buildings, such as commercial office buildings, shopping malls, and conference centers. For instance, many urban office towers and large - scale shopping complexes are commonly built with steel frame structures.
Truss Structure
Features: It utilizes tubes with small cross - sections to form components with larger cross - sections.
Applications: It is frequently used in industrial and civil buildings with large spans or great heights, such as large - span roofs, bridges, towers, and offshore oil production platforms. Well - known examples are the roofs of some large stadiums and long - span suspension bridges.Grid Structure
Features: It is a high - order statically indeterminate space structure formed by numerous rods arranged according to specific rules. It features low space stress, light weight, high rigidity, and excellent seismic performance.Applications: It can be mployed in gymnasiums, exhibition halls, gas stations, and hangars. For example, the roofs of many large - scale gymnasiums and exhibition centers typically adopt grid structures.
